Saudi Arabia has launched a National Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework, providing government entities and private organisations with a common approach to identify, assess, treat and monitor artificial intelligence (AI) risks.
Developed by the Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA), the framework aims to establish consistent AI governance as adoption accelerates across industries. It aligns with the Kingdom’s National Strategy for Data and Artificial Intelligence and is based on Council of Ministers Resolution No. 292.
The framework recognises that AI systems present risks beyond those of traditional software. Unlike conventional applications, AI models can evolve over time, produce unpredictable outcomes and operate in ways that are difficult to explain. As a result, SDAIA has introduced a structured methodology that developers, operators and policymakers can use throughout the AI lifecycle.
Four-stage approach to AI risk management
The framework follows four connected stages to help organisations manage AI risks effectively.
It begins with defining the system’s context and scope. Organisations then identify and assess potential risks before selecting suitable treatment measures. Finally, they continuously monitor AI systems to ensure risks remain within acceptable limits as models evolve.
Moreover, SDAIA has introduced a standard risk matrix that combines the likelihood of an event with its potential impact. This approach helps organisations classify AI risks consistently across different applications and industries.
Framework built on seven governance principles
The national framework is based on seven core governance principles, including transparency, accountability, integrity and privacy. It also classifies AI risks into seven main categories, giving organisations a comprehensive structure to evaluate different types of AI-related challenges.
To manage these risks, the framework recommends four treatment strategies:
- Avoid high-risk AI systems by restricting or disabling their use.
- Mitigate risks through technical and operational safeguards.
- Transfer risks using contractual agreements or insurance.
- Accept residual risks when they fall within approved tolerance levels.
Developers, operators and regulators have defined responsibilities
SDAIA has tailored the framework for three key stakeholder groups.
Developers are expected to integrate risk controls during the design and development process. Operators must monitor AI systems after deployment and respond to emerging risks. Meanwhile, policymakers can use the framework to identify regulatory gaps and strengthen national AI governance.
The framework applies to high-impact AI applications, including predictive analytics, natural language processing, image and video analysis, and intelligent automation. It is designed for organisations across both the public and private sectors, regardless of their level of digital maturity.
By introducing a unified national methodology, Saudi Arabia aims to strengthen trust in AI systems while supporting responsible innovation and wider adoption across the economy.
